Surgical site infection continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and extended hospital stay globally. Prevention is achieved through rigid compliance with aseptic procedure, preoperative skin preparation, proper antibiotic prophylaxis, and sterile environments for surgery. Surveillance of infection rates and standardization of procedures are key in order to reduce risk. Progress in infection control is seen in the form of advanced sterilization methods, antimicrobial sutures, and selective perioperative antibiotics. Training surgical teams in hygiene and infection prevention, in addition to evidence-based practice guidelines, decreases the incidence of infection and improves patient safety. Through incorporation of prevention into standard surgical practice, healthcare facilities can enhance results and decrease the burden of postoperative complications.